The Ramayana greatly influenced Indian poetry, establishing the sloka meter that developed in later Sanskrit poetry.Most editions of the epic devotional classic the Ramayana that you pick up will give a major focus only on the male characters, such as Rama, Lakshman and Hanuman.Īuthor Vrinda Sheth, whose book Queen of the Elements – the second in her Sita’s Fire trilogy – is out on August 8 th, wanted to give readers a female perspective too. Rama and Sita are often pictured as the ideal couple for their devotion to charma in the quest for victory over evil. When they are grown they are united with their father, Rama. She goes to the ashram of the sage Valmiki, to whom she tells her story. Rama, however, later abandons her after public opinion will not accept her. She undergoes the test successfully, proving her chastity. However, Rama makes Sita prove her virtue by putting her to a test of fire. After a long siege Rama kills Ravana and regains Sita. Rama and Laksmana attack Lanka, aided by the monkey army led by Hanuman. In the excitement the monkey escapes and sets fire to the island of Lanka. However, Ravana catches Hanuman and sets his tail on fire. He finds Sita and shows her Rama’s ring to prove that he is Rama’s messenger. The monkey general Hanuman searches for Sita. Eventually, they meet Surgriva, the monkey king, who agrees to help. Grief stricken, Sita mourns in Ravana’s garden, as Rama and Laksmana search for her. He tries to have his way with her, but she refuses and remains loyal to Rama. He kidnaps Sita and carries her off to his palace at Lanka. He disguises himself as a holy man and finds her in the forest. Desiring Sita for himself, Ravana decides to take her. Surpanakha tells Ravana of the beauty of Sita. She flees to the island kingdom of Lanka, where her brother, also a demon (raksasa), Ravana rules. He refuses her advances while Laksmana wounds her. In the forest Rama meets the demoness Surpanakha, who falls in love with him. He goes into the forest for 14 years with his beautiful wife, Sita, and his half brother Laksmana. King Dasaratha reluctantly agrees, and Rama is exiled from his kingdom. However, King Dasartha’s wife, Kaikeyi, pleads for the appointing of another son, Bharata, to be made king instead. In yet other versions the Ramayana begins when Prince Rama is chosen as the heir of his father, King Dasartha of Ayodha. He wins her hand by being the only suitor able to bend the mighty bow of Siva (Shiva) at a bridegroom tournament. In some versions the beginning is the birth of Rama in the kingdom of Ayodhya in others the beginning is Rama’s wooing of Sita, daughter of King Janaka. With his wife, Sita, he ruled an earthly kingdom. The Ramayana tells the story of the history of Rama, who was a king from a line descending from the sun god Surya. The Ramayana is known also as the Adi Kavya, which means the "original poem", and is certainly one of the oldest, if not the first, epic poem produced in India. Books in the shurti category include the Vedas. These are different from the shurti, which are books that were heard. The Ramayana is included in the great collection of Hindu books that were remembered, or smriti. The sixth book is the Yuddha Kanda (Book of war, 131 chapters). The fifth book is the Sundara Kanda (Book of beauty, 68 chapters). The fourth book is the Kishkindha Kanda (Book of the empire of holy monkeys, 67 chapters). The third book is the Aranya Kanda (Book of the forest, 75 chapters). The second book is the Ayodhya Kanda (Book of Ayodhya, 119 chapters). The first book is the Bala Kanda (Book of youth, 77 chapters). The Srimad Valmiki Ramayana version is arranged into six books. It suggests that each phase of the story is connected to the next phase. The name kanda is taken from the internode stem of sugarcane. The verses are grouped into individual chapters called sargas, which are grouped into books called kandas. They have a complex meter called anustup. The verses are called sloka (two-line verses, each of 16 syllables), in Sanskrit. These are divided into five, six, or seven books. The Ramayana has been redacted several times, leading to several versions. Most scholars believe that it was written in the third century b.c.e. While its exact origins are lost in Indian antiquity, the Ramayana is today attributed to the poet Valmiki. Some of the followers of the Ramayana date its origin to 880,000 b.c.e. It is shorter than the Mahabharata (Great Bharata dynasty), the other great epic poem of India. The poem tells a story of court intrigue, romance, and the struggle for good over evil. It was originally written in Sanskrit in the tradition of the Vedas as an account of the lives of the gods. The Ramayana (Romance of Rama) is the shorter of two great epic poems from ancient India.
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